Variation among natural populations of Culex (Culex) quinquefasciatus Say is associated with different vectorial capacities. The species Cx. quinquefasciatus is present in the equatorial, tropical and subtropical zones in the Brazilian territory, with intermediate forms between Cx. quinquefasciatus and Culex pipiens occurring in regions of latitudes around 33°-35°S. Herein, we studied geographically distinct populations of Cx. quinquefasciatus by genetic characterization and analysis of intra-specific wing morphometrics. After morphological analysis, molecular characterization of Cx. quinquefasciatus and intermediate forms was performed by polymerase chain reaction of the polymorphic nuclear region of the second intron of the acetylcholinesterase locus. Additionally, the morphology of adult female wings collected from six locations was analyzed. Wing centroid sizes were significantly different between some geographical pairs. Mean values of R2/R2+3 differed significantly after pairwise comparisons. The overall wing shape represented by morphometric characters could be divided into two main groupings. Our data suggest that Brazilian samples are morphologically and genetically distinct from the Argentinean samples and also indicated a morphological distinction between northern and southern populations of Brazilian Cx. quinquefasciatus. We suggest that wing morphology may be used for preliminary assessment of population structure of Cx. quinquefasciatusin Brazil.

Com o objetivo de conhecer aspectos da infestação do mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus no rio Pinheiros, São Paulo, SP, Brasil, e avaliar a eficácia das aplicações de controle efetuadas no local, foram realizadas atividades de monitoramento da população de mosquitos em dez pontos de amostragens, localizados ao longo das duas margens do rio Pinheiros. Os mosquitos foram coletados por meio de técnica de aspiração à bateria, durante o período de um ano e encaminhados ao laboratório para identificação, contagem e tratamento dos dados de freqüência com as datas de aplicações de controle químico e biológico da população de mosquitos. As aplicações de controle apresentam efeitos parciais na freqüência populacional da espécie, o que abre discussão sobre as peculiaridades do ecótopo, como possíveis barreiras na eficiência dos produtos aplicados no meio aquático e na vegetação marginal, ao longo da calha do rio.

With the objective of studying aspects of the infestation of the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus in the Pinheiros river, in the city of São Paulo, SP, Brazil, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the control applications made in the place, activities of collecting mosquitoes were performed in ten sites located along the two margins of the river. The mosquitoes were collected by aspiration method, during the period of one year. After that, they were sent to the laboratory for identification, scoring and treatment of the frequency data comparing with the applications data of chemical and biological control strategies. The control applications had presented partial effect in the population frequency of the species, what opens for a discussion about the peculiarities of the breeding sites, as possible barriers in the efficiency of the products applied in the aquatic environment and in the border vegetation, along the course of the river.

A distribuição de Culex (Culex) quinquefasciatus Say (1823) ao longo das margens do rio Pinheiros e os principais fatores que levam à proliferação da espécie foram estudados efetuando-se coletas semanais de mosquitos adultos, no período de um ano, em três pontos eqüidistantes às margens do rio. Para as coletas de mosquitos utilizou-se aspirador à bateria, por um período de cinco minutos. Os mosquitos foram identificados, diferenciados segundo o sexo e contados. Para verificação do estado fisiológico, as fêmeas foram separadas em vazias, com sangue e com ovos. Foram coletados 35.684 mosquitos, todos identificados como Cx. quinquefasciatus, sendo 39,4% fêmeas e 60,6% machos. As freqüências tomaram proporções diferentes entre os pontos de coletas e, em uma série temporal. O ambiente impactado do rio Pinheiros representa um excelente criadouro de Cx. quinquefasciatus, confirmado pela ocorrência de picos acentuados na freqüência de mosquitos, com desenvolvimento de forma explosiva e sobreposições entre as gerações, após as chuvas e em épocas de verão.

The distribution of Culex (Culex) quinquefasciatus Say (1823) along of the margins of the Pinheiros river and the main factors that lead to the proliferation of the species were studied doing weekly collections of adult mosquitoes, in the period of one year, in three equidistant points in the margins of the river. For the collections of mosquitoes battery vacuum cleaner was used, for a period of five minutes. The mosquitoes were identified, differentiated according to the sex and counted. For verification of the physiological state, the females were differentiated in empty, with blood or eggs. A total of 35.684 mosquitoes were captured, all of them were identified as Cx. quinquefasciatus, being 39.4% females and 60.6% males. The frequencies took different proportions between the points of collections and in a temporary series. The damaged environment of the Pinheiros river represents an excellent breeding site of Cx. quinquefasciatus, confirmed by the occurrence of picks accentuated in the frequency of mosquitoes, with development in an explosive way and accumulation between the generations, after the rains and in summer times.